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Hunan ﹞ Langshan

State Party
People*s Republic of China
Name of Property
Langshan
County, Province
Shaoyang City Xinning County, Hunan Province
Central
Geographical Coordinates
26∼20∩24∪N, 110∼46∩45∪E
Area of Nominated Site (ha.)
Nominated Site
6600
Buffer Zone
6200
Textual description of the boundary(ies) of the nominated property


The boundary of the nominated area and proposed buffer zone of the Langshan Nominated Site is clearly labeled on the maps and actual spots. In the boundary of nominated areas, they mainly remain the integrities of natural geomorphology and ecosystem, and prohibit all human activities with negative impacts on the nominated areas in exception of scientific researches. In buffer zone, the contents and patterns of human activities are also controlled to in some extent.

The delimitation of boundary for the LangshanNominated Site mainly accord to the integrity of Danxia landform development and distribution, forest ecosystem and habitat of rare and endangered species. Rivers and ridgelines are regarded as natural lines, and the delimitation of boundary tries to avoid enclosing the modern artificial construction, settlements, mining and hydropower stations. The delimitation of boundary for buffer zone not only accord to with the integrality of Danxia landform development and distribution, but also accord with to the factors of protection of t
he Nominated Site, such as avoiding the influence of human activities. As well as nominated site, rivers, roads, ridgelines and Phase-changed lines are regarded as natural lines. The western boundary keeps coherence with the boundary of Langshan Scenic Spot.The southern boundary keeps coherence with the common boundary of Guangxi province.

Map of the nominated property, showing boundaries and buffer zone

Justification Statement of Outstanding Universal Value


1. Outstanding universal value of beauty
The nominated site is a typical representative region of peak forest with close and narrow valleys of Danxia landform at early mature stage in South China's humid region .The main body of Danxia landform in the nominated region is Danxia peak forest landscape; the keynote of it is "bare and red cliff ". Langshan Mountain is a galaxy of series Danxia landforms with group structrue, which displays the entire process of morphological formation, development and evolution from early rock sculpture and segmentation to late corrosion morphology.

The nominated site boasts thrilling ang rugged positive-landform as well as handsome and elegant negative-landform, which forms various and unitized rhythm to combine inflexibility with yielding, to combine abundance with simplicity, to combine vividness with orderliness.

The bare and red cliff consisting of red sandy conglomerate is the most typical element of morphology in Langshan Danxia landform. The fixed shape and color of the nominated region may change from static state to dynamic state, from monotony to diversification, with the change of the environment. Blue and clear Fuyi River zigzag through this region, exhibiting the beauty of contrast as four seasons alternate. Beautiful flowers in spring, green bamboo sea in summer, blue water and red cliff in autumn and agate color in winter, together form the rare natural beauty zone with distinct personality of special color beauty of Danxia landscape.

The nominated region retains farming activities followed several thousand years. The unbounded paddy fields shows a rural scenery changing with season, green in spring and yellow in autumn. Ancient folk houses with indigo roof and white wall, small bridges and flowing water are built along the mountains; castles, villages, temples are hidden among green leaves in the mountains. Red cliffs, green mountains, ancient sites and cottages are combined to an integrity, a magnificent natural picture.

2. Outstanding values of earth history
Langshan Mountain is located in the transition zone of Yangtze plate and South China plate, where is the just transition zone of China's second and third step.Zixin bed basin formed in Cretaceous period; Langshan Danxia landform formed in the late Neogene and the Quaternary. From the Cretaceous to the Quaternary, Chinese continental crust was compressed by the collision from the Indian Ocean plate and the Pacific Ocean plate, and was uplifted a lot. Especially ever since Quaternary, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau known as the roof of the world rose, the lithosphere became mature and stable, and the distributioin pattern of tectonic structure was set. Therefore conclusion may be safely arrived at that Langshan Danxia landform marks the change of eco-environment caused by crust movement and climatic change in the latest geologic time; it*s an outstanding representative of the main stage of earth evolution history; ---- it is of great geoscientific significance! Especially the rise of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau known as the roof of the world, is an important milestone of China's modern atmospheric circulation and terrain pattern. It is in this specific geological period that Langshan Danxia landform formed under the certain condition of crustal movement pattern and specific regional environment, climate changes, as a symble of special ecological environment evolution.

Therefore, Langshan Danxia landform and the evolution of its climate and biomes, is a representative of the Earth evolution history in southeast Asia since the Cretaceous,and also represents the crust evolution process and the ancient environment change of southeast China in 100 million years. So, it is supposed to be the excellent example of the main stage of geoevolution history.

Danxia landform in the nominated region is a typical representative of early mature peak forest, peak cluster Danxia landform in southeast China humid area. Deep study on the nominated Danxia landform will enrich, complete and develop the Danxia landform theoretical system.

Danxia landform in the nominated region has obvious Karst phenomenon, forming unique Danxia Karst landform such as funnel, depression, sinkhole, cave and holes with calcium carbonate deposition landscape, which is a rare case of landform evolution process in China and the world, with high significance of stratigraphic correlation and special value of geoscientific research.

3. Outstanding universal values of biology and ecology
Located in the subtropics moist monsoonal climate region , Langshan has been considered as a model region of "isolated island of ecology" and succession of Danxia vegetation, boasting original broadleaf evergreen forest on its top and ridge, organic combination of herbosa ecosystem and vine ecosystem on its rock wall, preserving endemic species which manifest narrow habitat of Langshan Mountain.
Langshan Mountain is the only representative for the South Mountainrange among the nominated sites,it is the idea location for evergreen broadleaf forest in subtropics moist region,where mainly dominated by " isolated island of ecology" phenomena and narrown habitat.It is a region that has integrated phases of Danxia plant community;It is a distinctive habitat region that to record the cooperated evolution relationship between angiosperm and animal( insects);It is a terrific model and experimental field that to make comprehensive study on biologic diversity.

With a cover of vegetation rate of 85%ㄛa forest greening rate of 75.9%, 9 vegetation type and 71 plant formation,Langshan area is home to 1421 wild vascular plants and 150 large-scale fungus species including 75 species,among the plants, 21 species are listed in China species red list,86 species are listed in IUCN appendix list , 41 species are listed in CITES appendix list,23 species are listed in the state key protected plant species, in which 3 species are considered as i-level;Langshan area also possesses 26 mammal species, 94 birds species, 35 reptiles, 19 amphibians species, 36 fish species and 816 insects,including which are list in China species red list (18 species),IUCN appendix list(2),CITES appendix list (27 species).the state key protected plant species (18 species).

 

Criteria the nominated site meets


(vii) to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance;

(viii) to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features;

(ix) to be outstanding examples representing significant ongoing ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals.

Name and contact information of official local institution / agency


Name:
Ministry of Construction of People*s Republic of China
Address: No.9, Sanlihe Road, Beijing, China
Post Code: 100835
Tel: +86-10-58933014
Fax: +86-10-58933014
E-mail: zuoxp@mail.cin.gov.cn npo@mail.cin.gov.cn
Website: http://www.cin.gov.cn/

Name: Construction Department of Hunan Province
Address: Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
Post Code: 410003
Tel: +86-731-2311103
Fax: +86-731-2212782
E-mail: hnjst1003@126.com
Website: http://www.hnjs.gov.cn/

Name: The Office of application of Danxia Landscape of China for World Natural Heritage
Address: construction department of Hunan Province, 86 Jiefang Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
Postalcode: 410003
Tel: +86-731-2214030ㄛ2214070
Fax: +86-731-2212782ㄛ2214070
E-mail: hnjst1003@126.com
Website:http://www.hnjs.gov.cn/

Name: Management office of Langshan scenic spot
Address: The county government of Xinning, Hunan Province, China
Postalcode: 422700
Tel: +86-739-4822405
Fax: +86-739-4822405
E-mail: langshan2009@163.com